The effects of a diet high in carotenoids were investigated in B10A mice that were orally sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA).
Furthermore, the proportion of CD4(+) CD103(+) T cells in Peyer's patches of mice fed a carotenoid-rich diet was significantly lower than in control mice.
After re-stimulation with OVA in vitro, the production of T-helper 2-type cytokines by splenocytes from mice fed a diet high in carotenoids was lower than in control mice.
High alpha- and beta-carotenediets inhibited the immediate reduction in body temperature and rise in serum histamine associated with active systemic anaphylaxis in OVA-sensitized B10A mice.
The AMD patients and control subjects responded similarly to a diet high in lutein and zeaxanthin; plasma carotenoid concentrations increased greatly in both groups, and the transport of carotenoids by lipoproteins was not significantly different between the groups.
The objective was to examine the effect of diets low or high in lutein and zeaxanthin on plasma carotenoids and their transport in AMD patients.
Seven AMD patients and 5 control subjects were fed a low-lutein, low-zeaxanthindiet ( approximately 1.1 mg/d) for 2 wk, which was followed by a high-lutein, high-zeaxanthindiet ( approximately 11 mg/d) for 4 wk.
Blood cholesterol was 10% lower after subjects consumed the phytosterol-enriched diet than when they consumed the control diet (p < 0.001), which was due to a 15% LDL cholesterol decrease (p < 0.001).
Twelve normolipidic healthy human subjects were fed a diet with or without additional soybean phytosterols for 4 weeks in a crossover design.
The results indicated that local oxidative stress that has a neurodegenerative influence in the diabetic retina is prevented by constant intake of a lutein-supplemented diet.
Non-diabetic mice fed a lutein-supplemented diet were analysed, but there were no differences compared with the non-diabetic mice fed a control diet.
C57BL/6 mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes were constantly fed either a lutein-supplemented diet or a control diet from the onset of diabetes, and their metabolic data were recorded.
Long-term oral intake of lutein is reported to elevate serum lutein levels [, ], which correlate with the macular pigment density [, ], indicating that lutein constantly taken from the diet accumulates in the retina.
The present study was designed to examine the incorporation of phytosterols (PS) in membranes and tissues of rats fed a diet containing 2% PS in the presence of 0.2% cholic acid for 22 days.
The PSdiet resulted in a fivefold increase in plasma PS compared with controls.
DietaryPS increased 20:4n-6 and 22:5n-3 fatty acids in membranes of the liver, testis, and prostate but decreased 16:1 in liver microsomes.
The control diet contained 12 mg PS/100 g compared with 2,012 mg/100 g.
When lambs were offered choices between terpene-containing diets and alfalfa, energy and protein concentrations influenced the amount of terpenes animals ingested.
In contrast, when terpenes were absent from the diets, lambs consumed similar amounts of all four diets with different concentrations of protein, and more of the diets with intermediate amounts of energy.
When given a choice between the diet with or without terpenes, lambs preferred the diet without terpenes.
Intake of the diets with terpenes was lowest with the lowest concentrations of protein (6%) and energy (2.17 Mcal/kg) in the diets, and highest with diets of 15% CP and 3.53 Mcal/kg.
Thirty 35-day old male WKY inbred rats (10/group) were fed a control diet or a diet containing phytosterols or phytostanols (2.0 g/kg diet) for 5 weeks.
Rats that consumed the phytosterol or phytostanol diets displayed significant increases in systolic and diastolic blood pressure compared to rats that consumed the control diet (P < 0.05).
The phytosteroldiet increased renal angiotensinogen mRNA levels of these rats.
The phytostanol diet caused a greater increase in diastolic blood pressure (P < 0.05) compared to the phytosteroldiet.
In comparison to the control diet, the phytosteroldiet decreased cholesterol levels in liver (40%, P < 0.05), aorta (31%, P < 0.05) and kidney (19%, P < 0.05) of these rats.
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